Feature-based tracking of multiple people for intelligent video surveillance.

Intelligent video surveillance is the process of performing surveillance task automatically by a computer vision system. It involves detecting and tracking people in the video sequence and understanding their behavior. This thesis addresses the problem of detecting and tracking multiple moving people with unknown background. We have proposed a feature-based framework for tracking, which requires feature extraction and feature matching. We have considered color, size, blob bounding box and motion information as features of people. In our feature-based tracking system, we have proposed to use Pearson correlation coefficient for matching feature-vector with temporal templates. The occlusion problem has been solved by histogram backprojection. Our tracking system is fast and free from assumptions about human structure. We have implemented our tracking system using Visual C++ and OpenCV and tested on real-world images and videos. Experimental results suggest that our tracking system achieved good accuracy and can process videos in 10-15 fps.Dept. of Computer Science. Paper copy at Leddy Library: Theses & Major Papers - Basement, West Bldg. / Call Number: Thesis2006 .A42. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-01, page: 0347. Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Windsor (Canada), 2006

SIGNIFICADO E DESAFIOS NA ADAPTAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM DIGITAL E À DISTÂNCIA ENTRE ALUNOS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA

This study examines the significance and challenges among the physical education students towards digital and distance learning. An online survey technique was adopted to conduct this study in Aligarh district schools with a number of 464 participants. The age group ranged from 15 to 19 years for all participants. All the students who participated in this survey were currently attending online classes during the COVID-19 outbreak. Semi-structured online questionnaires developed with Google Forms. A self-developed questionnaire was used to collect data. Questions are based on a five-point Likert scale from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree. The survey was circulated on the social media platform among students. Students give their consent and provide appropriate answer to each question. The average time taken by a student was 4-5 minutes to complete the survey. The results demonstrate that the physical education students are not voluntarily accepting online classes during the lockdown period, student are attending online classes the first time in their lives, many students have not been able to afford online classes, students have experienced stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and they feel so online learning is an added burden on them, the institution does not provide any technical training for student to become familiar with the online classes, and the students were not completely satisfied with the quality of these online learning classes. There is a need for teacher and school management to take measures to avoid student inconveniences in organizing digital and distance teaching and learning seamlessly.Este estudo examina a importância e os desafios entre os alunos de educação física em relação ao ensino digital e à distância. Uma técnica de pesquisa online foi adotada para conduzir este estudo nas escolas do distrito de Aligarh com um número de 464 participantes. A faixa etária variou de 15 a 19 anos para todos os participantes. Todos os alunos que participaram desta pesquisa estavam frequentando aulas online durante o surto COVID-19. Questionários online semiestruturados desenvolvidos com o Formulários Google. Um questionário auto-elaborado foi usado para coletar os dados. As perguntas são baseadas em uma escala Likert de cinco pontos de Concordo Totalmente a Discordo Totalmente. A pesquisa foi divulgada na plataforma de mídia social entre os alunos. Os alunos dão seu consentimento e fornecem respostas adequadas a cada pergunta. O tempo médio gasto por um aluno foi de 4 a 5 minutos para concluir a pesquisa. Os resultados demonstram que os alunos de educação física não estão aceitando voluntariamente as aulas online durante o período de bloqueio, os alunos estão frequentando as aulas online pela primeira vez na vida, muitos alunos não conseguiram pagar as aulas online, os alunos passaram por estresse devido ao COVID 19 pandemia, e eles acham que o aprendizado online é um fardo adicional para eles, a instituição não oferece nenhum treinamento técnico para o aluno se familiarizar com as aulas online e os alunos não estão completamente satisfeitos com a qualidade dessas aulas de aprendizado online . É necessário que o professor e a direção da escola tomem medidas para evitar os incómodos dos alunos na organização do ensino e da aprendizagem digital e à distância de forma integrada

Application of Silicon Carbide in Abrasive Water Jet Machining

Silicon carbide (SiC) is a compound consisting of silicon and carbon. It is also known as carborundum. SiC is used as an abrasive material after it was mass produced in 1893. The credit of mass production of SiC goes to Edward Goodrich Acheson. Now SiC is used not only as an abrasive, but it is also extensively used in making cutting tools, structural material, automotive parts, electrical systems, nuclear fuel parts, jewelries, etc. AWJM is a well-established non-traditional machining technique used for cutting difficult-to machine materials. Nowadays, this process is being widely used for machining of hard materials like ceramics, ceramic composites, fiber-reinforced composites and titanium alloys where conventional machining fails to machine economically. The fact is that in AWJM no heat is developed and it has important implications where heat-affected zones are to be avoided. AWJM can cut everything what traditional machining can cut, as well as what traditional machining cannot cut such as too hard material (e.g. carbides), too soft material (e.g. rubber) and brittle material (e.g. glass, ceramics, etc.). The basic cutting tool used in water jet machining is highly pressurized water that is passed through a very small orifice, producing a very powerful tool that can cut almost any material. Depending on the materials, thickness of cut can range up to 25 mm and higher (Kalpakjian & Schmid, 2010). A water jet system consists of three components which are the water preparation system, pressure generation system and the cutting head and motion system

A study of electrode shape configuration on the performance of die sinking EDM

This paper discusses the performance of die sinking EDM due to the shape configuration of the electrode. The effect of electrode shape on material removal rate (MRR), electrode wear rate (EWR), wear ratio (WR), and average surface roughness (Ra) has been investigated for mild steel work material and copper electrode. The shapes of the electrodes were round, square, triangular, and diamond of constant cross-sectional area of 64 mm2. Experiments were repeated for three current values of 2.5, 3.5, and 6.5 A. The highest MRR was found for round electrodes followed by square, triangular and diamond shaped electrodes. However, the highest EWR and WR were found for the diamond shaped electrodes. The minimum surface roughness was found for the round electrodes followed by square, triangular and diamond shaped electrodes. However, the influence of the shape of the electrodes on surface roughness was found to be insignificant

A new approach of applying cryogenic coolant in turning AISI 304 stainless steel

In the present study a special device has been designed to apply liquid nitrogen coolant during turning of AISI 304 stainless steel. The base of the device is a magnet and it can be fixed at any suitable position on the tool or tool post. A long flexible and adjustable copper nozzle is used to apply liquid nitrogen at any angle or from any position. Experiments with three positions of the copper nozzle were performed. The results of the investigations showed that the most effective way to apply liquid nitrogen directly to the machining zone without any interference by the chips. Tool life increased four times compared to dry machining under this condition. The next effective way was to apply liquid nitrogen along the principal cutting edge. It was found that application of liquid nitrogen coolant did not improve job surface finish, but all the three positions of the copper nozzle demonstrated almost similar effectiveness

Comparison of physiological characteristics and physical performance measures among athletes from random intermittent dynamic type sports

Background and Study Aim. The physiological [Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max),  Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF), Force Vital Capacity (FVC)] and physical performance measures [power, dynamic balance, flexibility, agility, and speed] are the key determinants in random intermittent dynamic type sports which enable the players to address decisive situations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the physiological and physical measures among athletes from random intermittent dynamic type sports. Material and Methods. A comparative cross-sectional study with 56 male athletes, 14 in each sport (Rugby, Soccer, Volleyball, Futsal) was conducted. The mean age was 23.59±4.27 years, body mass 71.96±10.10 kg, body height 174.71±6.82 cm, and BMI 23.51±2.38 kg/m2. Physiological characteristics and physical performance measures were measured by using dry spirometer and functional tests respectively. A one-way analysis of variance test was performed to determine differences between athletes for physiological and physical performance measures. Results. There were significant differences for physiological characteristics (VO2max,  PIF, PEF, and FVC) and physical performance measures (power, dynamic balance, flexibility, agility and speed) in athletes from random intermittent dynamic type sports. Conclusions. These findings showed significant differences for physiological and physical performance characteristics among athletes from random intermittent dynamic type sports. These measures are responsible for improving physiological and physical performance to achieve top athletic achievements. While constructing the training program, morphological and functional factors should be considered based on the game’s nature

A CROSS-SECTIONAL INVESTIGATION OF SLEEP HABITS AND SELECTED BODY COMPOSITION PARAMETERS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The study's objective was to compare sleep quality and body composition between male and female participants. A cross-sectional study was conducted with five hundred participants (male and female) from different community places. Body composition was measured with the help of a bioelectric impedance device. The sleep habits were determined with the Pittsburgh Sleeps Quality Index that used to evaluate sleep quality during the past seven days, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (Johns, 1991) was used to measure the level of the daytime sleepiness. The identified variables were statistically analyzed with an independent t-test, and Eta Squared was applied to find effect size. From the whole study population, only 12.2 % of participants are underweight, 51.4 % are healthy, 16.6 % are overweight, and 19.8 % are obese. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is the lowest (7.90 ± 2.18) into the normal, whereas the highest (8.38 ± 2.93) into the underweight participants. Daytime sleepiness is lowest (10.23 ± 4.18) in underweight, whereas the highest (11.28 ± 3.28) in obese participants. This study demonstrates females had a higher percentage of body fat than males throughout all categories that leads them towards poor sleep habits, which are mediating factors for good health and quality of life.  Article visualizations

Simethicone for the Preparation before Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Aim. The presence of air bubbles and foam in stomach and duodenum is a common problem during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Methods. Candidates of elective EGD received 40 mg chewable tablet of simethicone (n = 90) or placebo (n = 83), with 30 mL water, 15–30 min before the EGD. Foam/air bubbles during endoscopy were assessed and graded on a 4-point scale, and patients' satisfaction with the endoscopy was scored from 0 to 10. Results. The amount of gastric but not duodenal foam/air bubbles was significantly lower in the simethicone group compared with the placebo group (P = 0.002). Duration of endoscopy was, on average, one minute shorter in the simethicone group compared with the placebo group (P < 0.001). Patients' satisfaction with the procedure was the same in the two groups. Conclusion. Administration of simethicone prior to EGD reduces the amount of gastric foam and bubbles and provides better visibility for evaluating the mucosa. It also decreases the duration of endoscopy. Further trials are required to find the final effect of the drug on diagnosis of pathological lesions

Improving micro-hardness of stainless steel through powder-mixed electrical discharge machining

Powder-mixed electrical discharge machining (PMEDM) is the technique of using dielectric fluid mixed with various types of powders to improve the machined surface output. The process is fast gaining prominence in electrical discharge machining (EDM) industry. The objective of this investigation is to determine the ability of tantalum carbide (TaC) powder-mixed dielectric fluid to enhance the surface properties of stainless steel material during EDM. The properties of investigated are the micro-hardness and corrosion characteristics of the EDMed surface. Machining was conducted with 25.0g/L concentration of TaC powder in kerosene dielectric fluid. The machining variables used were the peak current, pulse on time and pulse off time. The effects of variables on the micro-hardness of the EDMed surface were determined. Corrosion tests were also conducted on the samples that exhibited higher hardness. Results showed that the EDMed surface was alloyed with elements from the TaC powder. The micro-hardness obtained with PMEDM is about 1,200Hv. This is about 1.5 times obtained without TaC powder in the dielectric fluid. The loss in weight during corrosion test was found to be 0.056 ug/min for PMEDM which was lower than the lowest value of 10.56 ug/min obtained for the EDM without powder dielectric fluid